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Government of India

About SPPEL

Scheme for Protection and Preservation of Endangered Languages

Initiated in 2013 by the Ministry of Education, Government of India, the Scheme for Protection and Preservation of Endangered Languages (SPPEL) is a pioneering initiative housed at the Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL), Mysuru. The scheme is dedicated to safeguarding India's diverse linguistic heritage by comprehensively documenting, archiving, and revitalizing endangered and lesser-known mother tongues, particularly those spoken by fewer than 10,000 people.

By developing vital resources such as grammatical sketches, bilingual and trilingual dictionaries, pictorial glossaries, and detailed ethno-linguistic profiles, SPPEL bridges critical gaps in language documentation. With 117 languages prioritized across six geographical zones in its initial phase, the scheme plays a pivotal role in training linguists, promoting digital archiving, and fostering community collaborations to ensure the survival of the country's most vulnerable languages.

CIIL Building, Mysuru
117
Languages Documented
31
Staff Members
6
Linguistic Zones
27
States Covered
SPPEL at a Glance

Protecting India's Rich Linguistic Heritage

The Scheme for Protection and Preservation of Endangered Languages was instituted to safeguard languages spoken by fewer than 10,000 speakers, ensuring their unique systems, vocabularies, and oral traditions are documented for future generations.

  • Grammar, Dictionary, and Ethno-Linguistic profiles
  • Collaborations with top universities nationwide
  • Community-driven archiving and revitalisation

Mission & Vision

Our Mission

Every passing day, languages across the world are becoming endangered. In India alone, the perilous situation of languages spoken by lesser known tribal communities is alarming. Language endangerment is followed by language extinction — once a language is extinct, the world view and traditional knowledge embedded in it perishes too.

Saving and preserving through digital documentation and archiving of these endangered languages of the country is the mission of SPPEL.

Scientific documentation using modern linguistic methodologies

Community-driven language revitalisation programs

Our Vision

A linguistically rich India where every endangered language is documented, accessible, and celebrated — fostering pride in India's multilingual heritage among communities, scholars, and future generations worldwide.

SPPEL envisions a future where linguistic diversity is not merely preserved in archives, but actively celebrated as a living heritage — empowering communities to reclaim and transmit their mother tongues across generations.

Create accessible state digital archives nationwide

Foster international collaboration in linguistic research

SPPEL at Work

What
We
Do

Safeguarding 117 Endangered Languages Across India

Since 2013, SPPEL has been documenting and archiving India's endangered languages through field surveys, audio-visual recordings, and comprehensive linguistic research.

Documenting Grammar, Dictionary & Ethno-Linguistic Profiles

SPPEL is committed to the protection and preservation of endangered languages through comprehensive documentation, research, and community collaboration.

What We Do for Endangered Languages?

We work to document, preserve, and revitalize the indigenous languages of India for future generations.

Background & History

2013

Genesis of SPPEL

Galvanized by the grim situation of lesser known languages, SPPEL was instituted by the Ministry of Education, Government of India in 2013.

The scheme is monitored by the Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL), Mysuru, collaborating with universities across India to deploy field researchers.

North East Zone Southern Zone North Zone
117
Languages listed for
documentation
27
States Covered
Across India

Documentation Criteria

Languages spoken by fewer than 10,000 speakers, or languages not previously studied linguistically, are considered for documentation under this scheme.

Three-pronged documentation approach

01

Grammatical

Complete grammatical analysis and linguistic structure documentation of each language.

02

Dictionary

Comprehensive lexicography with meaning-yielding bilingual dictionary entries.

03

Ethno-Linguistic Profiles

Cultural context, oral traditions, and sociolinguistic documentation of communities.

Key Objectives

01

Documentation

Comprehensive documentation of endangered languages through scientific methods.

02

Digital Archiving

Create accessible digital repositories for linguistic data and cultural heritage.

03

Community Engagement

Empower native speakers and communities in preservation efforts.

04

Global Collaboration

Partner with international organizations for language preservation.

SPPEL Timeline

Over a decade of dedicated work in language preservation

2013

Scheme Launched

SPPEL initiated by CIIL under Ministry of Education.

2015

Field Surveys Begin

Systematic surveys across all 6 linguistic zones and 28 states.

2017

117 Languages

Comprehensive documentation of 117 languages achieved.

2019

100+ Resources

Grammar, dictionary and ethno-linguistic profiles completed.

2021

Community Programs

Community-driven revitalisation programs launched.

2024

Bhasha Sanchika

Digital repository established for audio-visual recordings.

2026

Website Relaunched

Relaunch of the new, redesigned SPPEL website with enhanced digital resources, alongside the relaunch of Bhasha Sanchika.

Organizational Structure

Level 01

Level 01

Ministry of Education

Government of India

Formulates policy, allocates funding, and provides overarching governance for all language preservation activities under SPPEL.

Level 02

Level 02

Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL)

Mysuru, Karnataka

Nodal agency responsible for implementation, field coordination, research supervision, and monitoring of the scheme across India.

Level 03

Level 03

Scheme for Protection and Preservation of Endangered Languages (SPPEL)

Implemented through five regional zones

The flagship scheme under which endangered language documentation, research and community engagement are carried out across Northern, North-East, East Central, West Central and Southern zones.

Frequently Asked Questions

SPPEL stands for Scheme for Protection and Preservation of Endangered Languages. It is a scheme by the Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL) under the Ministry of Education, Government of India, launched in 2013.

SPPEL has documented 117 endangered languages across India, spanning 6 linguistic zones and 28 states and union territories.

Bhasha Sanchika is SPPEL's digital repository containing grammar archives, bilingual dictionaries, audio-visual recordings, and linguistic research accessible at sanchika.ciil.org.

Researchers, linguists, and community members can contribute by participating in field surveys, submitting recordings to Bhasha Sanchika, or attending SPPEL training workshops.

The six zones are Northern Zone, North-East Zone, East Central Zone, West Central Zone, Southern Zone, and Andaman & Nicobar Zone — each covering specific states and language families.

SPPEL Assistant (BETA)

Hi, I'm the SPPEL Assistant.

Ask me about zones, languages, announcements, workshops, staff, or resources.

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