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ARANADAN

Aranadan is an Southern Dravidian language of the Dravidian language family. It is spoken in Kerala state in South India.

Source/ Investigator(s): Rose Mary A, Swaraj Prabha, Sam Robert
 
Sl.No.FeatureValueArea
1Consonant InventoriesAverage : 25Phonology
2Vowel Quality InventoriesAverage : 6Phonology
3Consonant-Vowel Ratiomoderately high : 4.1Phonology
4Voicing in Plosives and FricativesIn plosives alone: p t k: b d gPhonology
5Voicing and Gaps in Plosive SystemsNone missing in /p t k b d g/Phonology
6Uvular ConsonantsNonePhonology
7Glottalized ConsonantsAbsentPhonology
8Lateral Consonants/l/ onlyPhonology
9The Velar NasalNo initial velar nasal /ŋ/: Phonology
10Vowel NasalizationContrastive nasal vowels presentPhonology
11Front Rounded VowelsHigh and mid : e o I uPhonology
12Syllable Structurecomplex syllable structure: Phonology
13ToneNo tonesPhonology
14Absence of Common ConsonantsAll present: bilabials, fricatives, nasals, lateralPhonology
15Presence of Uncommon Consonantsnone present: clicks, Labial-velars, Pharyngeals, 'th' soundPhonology
16Fusion of Selected Inflectional FormativesExclusively concatenativeMorphology
17Exponence of Selected Inflectional FormativesMonoexponential caseMorphology
18Exponence of Tense-Aspect-Mood Inflectionmonoexponential TAMMorphology
19Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional MorphologySuffixing Morphology
20ReduplicationFull reduplication: pud̪ukka pud̪ukka 'slowly slowly'Morphology
21Case SyncretismAbsentMorphology
22Number of GendersTwo: Masculine /-aan, -en/, Feminine /–I, -etti, -aaTTi, -cci, -eļ, –ooļ, -aatti/Nominal Categories
23Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender SystemsSex-basedNominal Categories
24Systems of Gender AssignmentSemantic and formal assignmentNominal Categories
25Coding of Nominal PluralityPlural suffix '-kaɭ'Nominal Categories
26Occurrence of Nominal PluralityAll nouns, always obligatory Nominal Categories
27Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent PronounsNo inclusive/exclusive opposition Nominal Categories
28Distance Contrasts in DemonstrativesTwo-way contrast:/ id̪ə / ‘this’ / ad̪ə / ‘that’Nominal Categories
29Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal PronounsGender distinctions in 3rd person singular only Nominal Categories
30Number of Cases 7 cases: Nom /-ø/, Acc /-ne/, Dat /-kkə/, Gen /-uɭɭa, –Ø/, Inst /-əɖət̪t̪ə/, Abl /-ənʤə, -mot̪alə/, Loc /-t̪t̪ə, -il/Nominal Categories
31Position of Case AffixesCase suffixes Nominal Categories
32Perfective/Imperfective AspectGrammatical markingVerbal Categories
33The Past TensePresent, no remoteness distinctions Verbal Categories
34The Future TenseInflectional future exists : /-um/Verbal Categories
35Position of Tense-Aspect AffixesTense-aspect suffixes : /n̪a:n a: pakkinə kaɳʈə-kəɳə 'I have seen the bird 'Verbal Categories
36The OptativeInflectional optative present : -aʈʈuVerbal Categories
37Order of Subject, Object and VerbSOV: /n̪a:n(s) pakkinə (o) ka:ɳəke (V)/ ‘I see the bird ‘Word Order
38Order of Subject and VerbSVWord Order
39Order of Object and VerbOV: /pullu (O) ma:Riʈə (V)/ ‘Remove the grass’ Word Order
40Order of Adposition and Noun PhrasePostpositionsWord Order
41Order of Genitive and NounGenN: /abaŋ-kuɭɭavi:ɖu/ ‘His house’ Word Order
42Order of Adjective and NounAdjective-NounWord Order
43Order of Negative Morpheme and VerbVneg: /ukku puvagila/ 'don't go 'Word Order
44Position of Negative Word With Respect to Subject, Object, and VerbSOVNeg: /n̪a:n isku:ɭ ukku puvag-ila (neg)/ 'I don't go to school'Word Order
45Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content QuestionsNot initial interrogative phrase: /n̪i:n pe:jar en̪t̪u (Q)/ What is your name?word Order
46Order of Demonstrative and NounDemonstrative-Noun: /id̪u (DEM) vi:ɖa:ɳu/ ‘This is a house’Word Order
47Order of Relative Clause and NounRelative clause-Noun Word Order
48Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase Word Order
49Negative MorphemesNegative particle /-ila/Simple Clauses

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