Sl.No. | Feature | Value | Area |
1 | Consonant Inventories | moderately large (27) | Phonology |
2 | Vowel Quality Inventories | Average (6) | Phonology |
3 | Consonant-Vowel Ratio | Moderately high (4.5) | Phonology |
4 | Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives | Voicing contrast in plosives alone | Phonology |
5 | Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems | Missing /g/ | Phonology |
6 | Uvular Consonants | None | Phonology |
7 | Glottalized Consonants | No glottalized consonants | Phonology |
8 | Lateral Consonants | /l/, no obstruent laterals | Phonology |
9 | The Velar Nasal | Initial velar nasal /ŋəŋ/ 'shout' | Phonology |
10 | Front Rounded Vowels | None | Phonology |
11 | Syllable Structure | Moderately complex /CCVC/ | Phonology |
12 | Tone | Simple tone system : /pa`/ : /pa/ 'read' : 'father' | Phonology |
13 | Absence of Common Consonants | All present (bilabials, fricatives, nasals) | Phonology |
14 | Presence of Uncommon Consonants | None | Phonology |
15 | Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives | Exclusively concatenative | Morphology |
16 | Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology | Equal prefixing and suffixing | Morphology |
17 | Case Syncretism | Non core cases /-ə/ for Locative and Instrumental case | Morphology |
18 | Number of Genders | None | Nominal Categories |
19 | Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems | No gender | Nominal Categories |
20 | Systems of Gender Assignment | No gender | Nominal Categories |
21 | Coding of Nominal Plurality | Plural suffix: /-ni/ , /ŋaj/ | Nominal Categories |
22 | Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns | Person-number affix /kəj/ 'I' /kəj-ni/ 'we' | Nominal Categories |
23 | Number of Cases | 8 | Nominal Categories |
24 | Position of Case Affixes | Case suffixes | Nominal Categories |
25 | Perfective/Imperfective Aspect | Grammatical marking | Verbal Categories |
26 | The Perfect | Perfect of the 'have'-type: /nəŋ nə-hoŋ-jo/ 'you have come' | Verbal Categories |
27 | Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes | Tense-aspect suffixes | Verbal Categories |
28 | Order of Subject, Object and Verb | SOV /nəŋ ə-tun hoŋ-ro/ 'you come now' | Word Order |
29 | Order of Subject and Verb | SV | Word Order |
30 | Order of Object and Verb | OV | Word Order |
31 | Order of Genitive and Noun | Noun-Genitive /lajrik-hi tom-tə ke/ 'this bookbelongs to Tom'' | Word Order |
32 | Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions | Not initial interrogative phrase: /nə hoŋ rəŋ-mo/ 'will he/ she come?' [ -mo is the question marker] | Word Order |
33 | Negative Morphemes | Particle /-mək/ | Lexicon |